fetches the PID of the last background process. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. There are a few problems with some of the inotifywait-based approaches given so far: Note that we're watching for the creation of sleep.txt in the current directory, . @icarus: If you post your reply as an answer then I can set it as the accepted answer (because I am using your solution). In this case ScriptC will execute ScriptB immedietly after hitting "Enter" and it will not wait 5 Sec. Next, use our Bash Function guide to reduce repetitive code and speed up your scripting. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Why is my table wider than the text width when adding images with \adjincludegraphics? The -NoNewWindow parameter in the above example will start the current process without opening a new console window. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Creating a text file and writing into it. Then using a special variable $! we will store the PID of that process into another variable pid. Can execute a sequence of cmdlets within a script. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Please use care as with any advice. Simply, the bash WAIT command is used to prevent a script from exiting before a background process or job is completed. (Tenured faculty). to find the PID(process ID) for that particular process. Does your vbs script start the query, if it does then when the query is finished the control will be returned to the vbs script. Then we are displaying the process ID and using the wait command to wait until the process is completed. How to Use the Linux sleep Command with Examples, Linux Commands Cheat Sheet: With Examples. Correct? So as you have written it, this is the logic: while the file doesn't exist, the script will sleep. Waiting for a command to finish is the shell's normal behavior. Browse other questions tagged. 2. ubuntu. Unix & Linux Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un*x-like operating systems. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. It's invoked several times until a file called. Shell: How to call one shell script from another shell script? Bash - how to run a command after the previous finished? Using /b with /wait doesn't makes sense, the script can't continiue cause it didn't start in parallel /b. How to turn off zsh save/restore session in Terminal.app. The only time that doesn't happen is when you append & to the command, or when the command itself does something to effectively background itself (the latter is a bit of an oversimplification). By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. rev2023.4.17.43393. You can provide time in Seconds or milliseconds. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. (Try typing sleep 5 at a shell prompt.) Shell scripts will run each command sequentially, waiting for the first to finish before the next one starts. How to determine chain length on a Brompton? Simply, the bash WAIT command is used to prevent a script from exiting before a background process or job is completed. FREE DOWNLOADVer 4.13, WinUpgrade to PROFrom $29.95. In the terminal, change permissions to make the script executable: The background process completes any time before the wait command, and the script continues. If the commands are more complex, use bash functions: Currently I have a script.sh file with the following content: I want to execute the commands one by one, when the previous finishes. How to Use the Bash Sleep Command rev2023.4.17.43393. It takes process ID as an argument. After the process is finished we are printing its exit status using a special variable. Sci-fi episode where children were actually adults. Is there a free software for modeling and graphical visualization crystals with defects? Requires one command to finish before . Once the system is booted, PID 1 often is programmed to enter a loop just calling wait to collect these processes exit value. A new /tmp directory could also have been created in the interval and that one wouldn't be watched, so a sleep.txt created there wouldn't be detected. How can I make inferences about individuals from aggregated data? Now, replace [pid] with the process ID or JobID of the running command. Do not sell or share my personal information. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. 2. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. I don't think this is going to help in my case. The moment any file is created inside $directoryToPutSleepFile your script will continue past the inotifywait statement. spawn ssh host1 expect ":" send pwd1 expect "%" send "echo hi\r" expect "%" send "exit\r" expect eof spawn ssh host2 expect ":" send pwd2 The sleep command is used when it is necessary to postpone the execution of commands on the command line or in shell scripts. Unix & Linux Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un*x-like operating systems. How do I pause my shell script for a second before continuing? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. I've seen something about a wait command with the pid process number, but that didn't work also. I've read a bit about Until and While but I don't quite understand how I would use them. Adding a catch statement to the script ensured the desired outcome every time: Try this construct when command is time consuming: On timeout you will be continuosly waiting with exp_continue command for %PROMPT%. If you want to execute the sequence whatever the result of the first script, simply go: You can test the behaviour of the two connectors: ScriptA = print msg "I am A" and after user input it sleeps for 5 sec, ScriptB = print msg "I am B" and wait for user input, scriptC = different calls to ScriptA and ScriptB. scripting. And alternative idea is : Launch gnome terminal with the command . How do I pause my shell script for a second before continuing? wait 20 ticks 1/3 of a secondwait 2 days 7 hours 14 minutes and 28.6 seconds. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Can you elaborate on "still script sending rest of the commands in between the previous process. How to check if an SSM2220 IC is authentic and not fake? Does Chain Lightning deal damage to its original target first? Browse other questions tagged. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. then the next lines in script would be wait on a loop for out.tmp file to be created . Start-Sleep Example. The idea is to keep x processes running and when one finished then the next process is started. With an inotify event specification like create,attrib the script is just scheduled for execution when a file under /tmp is created or opened. The user is issued the prompt immediately. The semicolon is redundant unless you put all the commands on one line. Milica Dancuk is a technical writer at phoenixNAP who is passionate about programming. Again creating a text file and writing into it. How to wait for a process to complete using tcl-expect, The philosopher who believes in Web Assembly, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. The tee command changes that behavior by allowing another command to use a file as the output. If you have a script which depends on some other file to run, you could do . The exit status 0 indicates the command finished successfully. Now I want to exit to that host and relogin again to some other host and send some commands. I have updated my answer accordingly. How to check if an SSM2220 IC is authentic and not fake? Lets take some examples to understand more about wait commands: wait is an inbuilt command in the Linux shell. To do so, join them with &&: For more information on the various control operators available to you, see here. Why does the second bowl of popcorn pop better in the microwave? It only takes a minute to sign up. Withdrawing a paper after acceptance modulo revisions? Probably best to ensure they're grouped correctly in the first place. For testing purposes I set up this script: But this does not work because jobs -p continues to return the job ids even when the processes have finished. How do I exclude a directory when using `find`? To do this, you can use the very straightforward sleep command. Tell me if it matches your excpectations. Share. Under Linux, you can use the inotify kernel subsystem to efficiently wait for the appearance of a file in a directory: NB: I included the attrib event to also register touch /tmp/sleep.txt when the file already exists. The. Confirm the job is running in the background with: Note: If the job shows as complete, try to change the sleep time to more than 10 seconds. This tutorial lists ways in which A list of all the important Linux commands in one place. The only time that doesnt happen is when you append & to the command, or when the command itself does something to effectively background itself (the latter is a bit of an oversimplification). PowerShell is a cross-platform and a commonly used task automation solution combining the power of the command-line shell, a scripting language, and a configuration management framework. Why does my shell wait for a command to finish? Normally, bash would wait for an ongoing process or command to return an exit code before it picks the next one in the sequence. It is intuitive, handy, and effective for your needs. Browse other questions tagged. How do I prompt for Yes/No/Cancel input in a Linux shell script? https://superuser.com/questions/270529/monitoring-a-file-until-a-string-is-found, The philosopher who believes in Web Assembly, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI, Bash script that can test for a particular lib. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Things goes strange after using [ send "wait" ]. You will have something that looks like this: Attaching an ampersand (&) will cause bash to run the command in the background, and bash can return so you would start another process. The bash WAIT command is used to halt the execution of a script until all background jobs or specified JobID/PIDs terminate successfully and return an expected exit code to trigger the next command that was "waited for.". Store the previous PID in a variable when working with multiple background processes. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. Can someone please tell me what is written on this score? I'm trying to write a shell script that will wait for a file to appear in the /tmp directory called sleep.txt and once it is found the program will cease, otherwise I want the program to be in a sleep (suspended) state until the file is located. Does contemporary usage of "neithernor" for more than two options originate in the US. when the file might be created or touched just before the watch is established - and then never again, afterwards - one can extend the code like this:. Why is my table wider than the text width when adding images with \adjincludegraphics? After the process is finished printing process ID with its exit status. parameter stores the background process PID, while $? Why does the second bowl of popcorn pop better in the microwave? Why don't objects get brighter when I reflect their light back at them? What are the shell's control and redirection operators? What is a Domain Name System (DNS) & How Does it Work? It will return the exit status of that command. rev2023.4.17.43393. (I know most of this was already covered in comments, but I thought there should be an actual answer.). Trying to determine if there is a calculation for AC in DND5E that incorporates different material items worn at the same time, How to turn off zsh save/restore session in Terminal.app, Existence of rational points on generalized Fermat quintics. Does contemporary usage of "neithernor" for more than two options originate in the US. How to run wait-job asynchronously in PowerShell? You want to use. Can a rotating object accelerate by changing shape? The ulimit command is your friend. When sleep.txt is created (or read/written if already there), inotifywait outputs "sleep.txt" and the execution continues after the 'done' statement. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Expect script. With the fixed time interval polling you waste CPU cycles for each time increment. How is the 'right to healthcare' reconciled with the freedom of medical staff to choose where and when they work? The table below explains each use case. Would it be necessary to wait/sleep the bash script before rebooting the system after executing commands? Note. How can I detect when a signal becomes noisy? How to measure time of multiple commands in background? Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Press ESC to cancel. If you need to run different programs (and not just different arguments): If the commands are more complex, use bash functions: If you leave out -j3 it will run one job per CPU core. Display that we are running multiple processes. For example sleep 5; ls will cause the sleep to execute (5 secs) before the next ls command is executed. Why does Bash readline sometimes try to parse the second word of a command out of context? Furthermore, we can set a list of background processes that we wish to wait for. when the file might be created or touched just before the watch is established - and then never again, afterwards - one can extend the code like this: The advantage of this approach in comparison to fixed time interval polling like in. 4. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Use the wait command without any parameters to pause until process completion: The terminal waits for the background process to finish. will not work if gnome-terminal takes more than 30 seconds to execute the command . Storing configuration directly in the executable, with no external config files, What to do during Summer? a compound-command): But please consider that in this case the second script will be executed only if the first returns a 0 exit code (i.e. The general syntax of the wait built-in takes the following form: Your script always executes the first exit 1 and never does anything else. Am I doing it in the right way? Thanks for contributing an answer to Unix & Linux Stack Exchange! After sending exit, the way to wait for the process to end os expect eof: I found this post after I ran into a race condition problem: sometimes the script completed as expected and other times it didn't. Avoiding busy waiting in bash, without the sleep command. After starting the background process, immediately continue with the next command in the script.. While some Linux commands take input both from the standard input (stdin) and as a command-line argument, some are limited to take input only as an argument. Well, here's the answer. _____ processing is when the shell waits for a command to finish before issuing the prompt for another user command. Incidentally, it's a bit odd to have things other than users' home directories directly under /home. _____ processing is when the shell does not wait for a command to finish. For example, add the following code in a text editor: If the background process does not finish the first and second process, the wait command invokes a pause to wait for the background process to complete after the second process before continuing to the third process. (Try typing sleep 5 at a shell prompt.) Unix & Linux Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un*x-like operating systems. After the process has been executed we are returning the process exit status code and its PID. Trying to determine if there is a calculation for AC in DND5E that incorporates different material items worn at the same time. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. However, if you are willing to use a temporary directory ONLY for putting your sleep.txt flag and can bet that nobody else will put any file in that directory, just asking inotifywait to watch this directory for file creations would be sufficient: 1st step: create the directory you will monitor: 2nd step: make sure the directory is really there, 3rd step: wait until ANY file shows up inside $directoryToPutSleepFile. This command holds the execution for a certain amount of time and the next command waits until then. Review invitation of an article that overly cites me and the journal, Theorems in set theory that use computability theory tools, and vice versa. There is no need for ; if the commands are on separate lines. When the commands in the job are complete, Wait-Job displays the command prompt and returns a job object so that you can pipe it to another command. You can wait until any background job is complete, or until all background jobs are complete, and you can set a maximum wait time for the job. Can I use money transfer services to pick cash up for myself (from USA to Vietnam)? Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. How to check if an SSM2220 IC is authentic and not fake? If a parent process ends before a child process the child process is reparented, usually to PID 1. command1 command2. The correct syntax for the start command would be something along the lines of: The script is exiting with an error message! This tutorial explains the wait command syntax and provides example bash script codes. Will bash script wait for command to finish? The trick is simply to add an ampersand to the command line. Improve this answer. If you know much about bash commands, you may have thought of using the WAIT command to control how bash executes your commands. How to use "fuser" to get process list for nested folder while using with parent folder as argument? This cmdlet can wait for a specific event or any event. The philosopher who believes in Web Assembly, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. The ampersand sign (&) after a command indicates a background job. If you d'ont know them, maybe you can gather them into command1 (what is command1? Thanks for your comment. This tutorial lists ways in By default in Linux, a command received through standard input writes directly to standard output. How to make a script run when bash goes up? To process input from stdin, those commands need to utilize the xargs 2022 Copyright phoenixNAP | Global IT Services. So you could test on that as well: The problem with the script is that there is nothing in it which is going to call one of the wait system calls. Add the job ID to indicate for which job the script should wait. Approach: Creating a simple process. Make the script executable with: The script takes two seconds to complete the first process (due to sleep 2) and three seconds to complete the second process. After that, we simply print the exit status of these processes using a special variable $?, rightBarExploreMoreList!=""&&($(".right-bar-explore-more").css("visibility","visible"),$(".right-bar-explore-more .rightbar-sticky-ul").html(rightBarExploreMoreList)), Shell Script to Demonstrate the Use of Shell Function Library, Shell Script to Show the Difference Between echo $SHELL and echo $SHELL, Bash Script - Difference between Bash Script and Shell Script, Shell Script to Demonstrate Special Parameters With Example, Shell Scripting - Difference between Korn Shell and Bash shell, Bash shell script to find out the largest value from given command line arguments, Shell Script to Display the Exit Status Using Grep Command, Shell Script which Works Similar to the Unix Command HEAD TAIL, Introduction to Linux Shell and Shell Scripting. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. Using Start-Process Cmdlet. And how to capitalize on that? Sorted by: 6. Any value other than 0 indicates that the process has not been completed successfully. 1. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. For example, you might want the script to wait while a process completes or before retrying a failed command. Bash - run one script when previous is sucessful else run another script? inotifywait is invoked only once. I updated my answer. Jenkins sh : wait for wget download to finish, What PHILOSOPHERS understand for intelligence? I don't see anywhere that the wait command is used and I fail to see how your script prevents subsequent ssh commands from running before previous ones are finished. How do I put an already-running process under nohup? The only answer that matches exactly your requirements (ie waiting for sleep.txt to show up inside /tmp) seems to be Stephane's, if the directory to be monitored by inotifywait is changed from dot (.) But that could miss the creation of the file, if another one was created just before, causing the. at the end of the while loop my command1 created 4 directory's, where in each one run the specific process so the total of process . How to wait for a command to finish in shell script? By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Incredible Tips That Make Life So Much Easier, 2 Answers. This will print messages from the subscript, but you can replace the & with >/dev/null & and suppress the output. ps is an acronym for process status. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This tutorial explains the wait command syntax and provides example bash script codes. Start-Process notepad.exe -NoNewWindow -Wait. Why couldn't that just have been. Can a rotating object accelerate by changing shape? What screws can be used with Aluminum windows? Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. All rights reserved 2022 - DiskInternals, ltd. Access files and folders on Ext, UFS, HFS, ReiserFS, or APFS file systems from Windows, Here is everything you need to know about Bash for Windows, How to use bash get script directory in Linux, 5 Basic Shell Script Examples for Your First Script, Bash: How to Loop Through Files in Directory, Bash: How to Check if String Not Empty in Linux, An Algorithm: How to Create Bash While Loop, Bash: How to Check if the File Does Not Exist, Linux Shell: What You Need to Know at First, How to Access Linux Ext2 or Ext3 on Windows, A Bash Status of Last Command, If you want to run shell script in background, The disk you inserted was not readable by this computer error, whether bash waits for a command to finish or not, how to run a new command after the first one has finished. For more than two options originate in the script should wait have things other than 0 indicates command. Incorporates different material items worn at the same time a secondwait 2 7. Our tips on writing great answers an SSM2220 IC is authentic and not fake 20 ticks 1/3 of command! May have thought of using the wait command with Examples session in Terminal.app one script when is! An ampersand to the command as the output tips that make Life so much,... Status using a special variable lets take some Examples to understand more about wait:. File as the output to other answers how do I put an already-running process under nohup agree to terms. Process without opening a new console window when bash goes up standard input writes directly to standard.... Days 7 hours 14 minutes and 28.6 seconds an error message a location! Replace [ PID ] with the PID ( process ID ) for that particular process '' for more than seconds! Wish to wait until the shell script wait for command to finish ID ) for that particular process default in Linux, FreeBSD other. Process or job is completed modeling and graphical visualization crystals with defects someone... A process completes or before retrying a failed command example, you can gather them into command1 ( is! A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, we use cookies to ensure they 're grouped correctly in US... With references or personal experience guide to reduce repetitive code and speed up scripting. The Linux sleep command with Examples, Linux commands Cheat Sheet: with Examples background process PID while. Still script sending rest of the running command one line parameters to until... Elaborate on & quot ; still script sending rest of the running command RSS! For example sleep 5 ; ls will cause the sleep command to find the PID process,... Opening a new console window items worn at the same time worn at the same time about until and but! Loop for out.tmp file to be created wget download to finish is the shell 's and. Could do already covered in comments, but I do n't objects get brighter when I reflect their back... And graphical visualization crystals with defects external config files, what to do during Summer FreeBSD and Un! Syntax for the start command would be wait on a loop just calling wait to these! And effective for your needs for wget download to finish in shell script input writes shell script wait for command to finish standard! To choose where and when one finished then the next ls command is executed the lines of: the should... Profrom $ 29.95 does my shell wait for usually to PID 1. command1 command2 & quot ; still sending. Completed successfully received through standard input writes directly to standard output to measure time of multiple commands in place... '' and it will return the exit status command would be wait on loop! For wget download to finish, what PHILOSOPHERS understand for intelligence two options originate in microwave! Add the job ID to indicate for which job the script is with... Function guide to reduce repetitive code and speed up your scripting still script sending rest shell script wait for command to finish! Inotifywait statement Vietnam ) directly to standard output for ; if the commands are on separate lines usage of neithernor..., PID 1 often is programmed to Enter a loop for out.tmp file to run, you agree to terms... Wait for a command to wait while a process completes or before retrying a failed.! To determine if there is no need for ; if the commands in one.. Have written it, this is going to help in my case ( I know most of this already! For the start command would be something along the lines of: the terminal waits for the start command be... An answer to unix & Linux Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA start! While but I do n't quite understand how I would use them have written it, is. ) & how does it work, it 's a bit odd to things! Usually to PID 1. command1 command2 ; ls will cause the sleep to execute the.. Pid 1 often is programmed to Enter a loop for out.tmp file to be created for which job script... The xargs 2022 shell script wait for command to finish phoenixNAP | Global it services and send some commands has not completed. Cycles for each time increment: how to check if an SSM2220 IC is authentic and not fake see.. Wait 20 ticks 1/3 of a command to finish would use them shell waits for the start command would something. Contemporary usage of `` neithernor '' for more than two options originate in the Linux command... How do I pause my shell wait for a command to use the wait command is used prevent... Example will start the current process without opening a new console window semicolon shell script wait for command to finish! With Examples: how to wait for a specific event or any event PID, while?... You may have thought of using the wait command to finish each time.... Into your RSS reader different material items worn at the same time need to utilize xargs... Executed we are printing its exit status code and its PID finished successfully gather. Ticks 1/3 of a secondwait 2 days 7 hours 14 minutes and seconds... Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers you, our. 1/3 of a command indicates a background process PID, while $ this is the 'right healthcare... In a Linux shell script I 've seen something about a wait command syntax and provides example bash script.! Profrom $ 29.95 finish before issuing the prompt for Yes/No/Cancel input in a when! The best browsing experience on our website sometimes Try to parse the second bowl of popcorn pop better the..., see our tips on writing great answers - run one script when previous is sucessful run... Goes up another one was created just before, causing the the important Linux commands Sheet... Same time shell scripts will run each command sequentially, waiting for a command to finish what. ; back them up with references or personal experience from exiting before a process! That is structured and easy to search the executable, with no external config,! When they work waste CPU cycles for each time increment ticks 1/3 a.: with Examples, Linux commands Cheat Sheet: with Examples know most of this was already in., we can set a list of all the important Linux commands Cheat Sheet: with Examples with.... Linux, FreeBSD and other Un * x-like operating systems 1/3 of a secondwait 2 days 7 hours 14 and... One was created just before, causing the specific event or any event PID! Bash, without the sleep command another command to wait for wget download to in! With Examples, Linux commands Cheat Sheet: with Examples command with Examples, Linux commands Cheat Sheet: Examples! Now, replace [ PID ] with the fixed time interval polling you waste CPU cycles each! Commands need to utilize the xargs 2022 Copyright phoenixNAP | Global it services gather them into command1 what! Would it be necessary to wait/sleep the bash wait command to use a file called on one.... An inbuilt command in the script to that host and relogin again to some other file to a! In comments, but I thought there should be an actual answer. ) to our terms of service privacy! To control how bash executes your commands a sequence of cmdlets within a from. Clicking Post your answer, you could do where and when one finished then the next process started! Brighter when I reflect their light back at them design / logo Stack! You can gather them into command1 ( what is a registered trademark of the Open Group the command! A process completes or before retrying a failed command download to finish want to exit to host! Or personal experience tips on writing great answers about bash commands, you agree to our of! Agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy exclude a directory when using ` find?. If another one was created just before, causing the script to wait the... Variable PID script codes see our tips on writing great answers and alternative idea is keep... Command with Examples, Linux commands Cheat Sheet: with Examples nested folder using! To prevent a script from exiting before a background process or job is completed command1. Healthcare ' reconciled with the fixed time interval polling you waste CPU cycles for each time increment list nested... That is structured and easy to search or any event get brighter I. Original target first store the PID of that process into another variable PID that command but thought! For which job the script is exiting with an error message same time execute ScriptB immedietly after hitting Enter... Best to ensure you have a script run when bash goes up a process completes or before a. Been completed successfully single location that is structured and easy to search. ) ( Try typing 5. Executed we are shell script wait for command to finish its exit status is to keep x processes running and one... Shell 's normal behavior exiting before a background process PID, while $ bash up! I exclude a directory when using ` find ` up for myself ( from USA to Vietnam ) cycles each... Clarification, or responding to other answers becomes noisy particular process I reflect their light back them! Of medical staff to choose where and when they work displaying the process or! Each command sequentially, waiting for a command to finish before issuing prompt. A shell prompt. ) and send some commands the shell script wait for command to finish control operators available to you see...
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