The Department of Defense is working on a new definition of irregular warfare, and the stakes are surprisingly high. 6) The Joint Staff is under exclusive authority, direction, and control of the _____. We might just be better off speaking of war as war and eschewing artificial delineations between conventional and irregular operations, but not so long as terminological asceticism implies the reductive understanding of war typical of military institutions. Cuba and Vietnam did likewise. When you have no idea what you are competing for, or against whom, then the reference to competition is beyond meaningless. Second, there is a related concern that irregular warfare is too narrowly focused on struggles between state and nonstate actors and must therefore be tweaked to account for state-based adversaries that adopt similar approaches, those that lean on asymmetrical methods and indirect attack. Final thought starting with the following from the final paragraph of our article above: "Left to resolve, then, is this striking contradiction raised by irregular warfare in practice, namely the great difficulty of authorizing, resourcing, and mobilizing the instruments of statecraft necessary for its prosecution.". China also boasts extensive experience with irregular warfare, which it now uses to upend the international system formed following World War II. 10. A_____is a joint force that is constituted and so designated by the SecDef, a Combatant Commander, a Subordinate Unified Commander or and existing JTF Commander to accomplish missions with specific, limited objectives and which do not require overall centralized control of logistics. It includes the, One of natos goals is to promote democratic values. Legitimacy might help. achieve objectives that contribute to national security in the _____. 3) The _____ is written guidance from the Secretary of Defense to the Chairman of, the Joint Chiefs of Staff for the preparation and review of contingency plans for. [4] Major military doctrine developments related to IW were done between 2004 and 2007[5] as a result of the September 11 attacks on the United States. irregular warfare Interdicting smuggling networks to cut flow of precursors falls under which diplomatic, informational, military and economic (DIME) activity? For his birthday, my Brother chose to go out to an indian restaurant. "Irregular Warfare (IW) Joint Operating Concept (JOC)", Version 1.0. SEJPME National Militarry Command Structure.docx - 1 Irregular Warfare focuses on . The____organize, train, equip and provide combat-ready forces to conduct operations as directed by the President of the United States and Secretary of Defense. She has transformed junk into animals and other recognizable forms. Combatant Commanders exercise___(command authority) over assigned forces. Mercifully, outright violence has so far been absent from the Chinese approach, which instead features growing economic ties, investment and loans, along with generous servings of disinformation, subversion, and threats. JuanVucetichandEdwardR.Henrywasthefirsttodevelopefficientmethods(4)\overset{(4)}{\text{\underline{{Juan Vucetich and Edward R. Henry was the first to develop efficient methods}}}}JuanVucetichandEdwardR.Henrywasthefirsttodevelopefficientmethods(4) of classifying fingerprints. ", Fingerprintshaveprovidedapracticalandeffectivemethod(1)\overset{(1)}{\text{\underline{{Fingerprints have provided a practical and effective method}}}}Fingerprintshaveprovidedapracticalandeffectivemethod(1) of identification for over a hundred years. Marks | 10.18.22. Fourth, in the post-counterinsurgency era, there is a growing weariness with the focus within irregular warfare on legitimacy and the business of affecting popular perceptions. Rather and as noted at my Joint Publication 3-22 excerpt provided above "maintaining the conditions under which orderly development can take place (MINUS such things as legitimacy and influence? This is supremely important for those in uniform for the raw exercise of power is no substitute for the legitimate use of it, and the distinction there is what separates a lawful order from an unlawful one. Each person's pattern of loops and swirls seem unique. What is, The distance that an object falls varies directly as the square of the time the object is in motion. Term. Prior to deployment, the Staff Judge Advocate must determine what legal authorities are in place and what authorities are needed or desired to support the JTF mission. comprehend the primary roles, missions, history, customs, and courtesies of the U.S. Armed Forces. Learners: Seeking Credit With the National Guide, Colleges & Universities: Granting Credit With the National Guide, Training Providers: Providing Training for Credit With the National Guide, Effective Practices for Transfer Students, Mapping Internationalization on US Campuses, A Brief Guide to the Federal Budget and Appropriations Process, Campus Safety, Sexual Misconduct, and Title IX, Resources on Title IX and Campus Sexual Assault Regulations, Higher Education Act and Department of Education. Who is responsible for organizing, training, equipping and providing administrative and logistic support for services? 6 Irregular Warfare focuses on control of enemy forces Control of maneuver | Course Hero University of Maryland, University College SEJPME SEJPME II 6 Irregular Warfare focuses on control of enemy forces Control of maneuver 6 irregular warfare focuses on control of enemy School University of Maryland, University College Course Title SEJPME II In one strong sense, irregular warfare is already irredeemable. "Irregular Warfare (IW)", DoD Directive 3000.07. Why does collection planning require the ability to call on a variety of collection sourcs? 3) The _____ is the primary vehicle through which the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, of Staff (CJCS) exercises responsibility to provide for the preparation of joint, operation plans. Irregular Warfare: Annotated Bibliography. First, irregular warfare is inherently about intrasocietal schisms. [8] The CIA's Special Activities Center (SAC) is the premiere American paramilitary clandestine unit for creating and for combating irregular warfare units. foster a climate of peaceful operation; ensure joint operations forces are ready to conduct decisive operations; develop a Security Cooperation Plan. This development requires change to meet the needs of vulnerable groups of people. Irregular warfare (IW) is defined in United States joint doctrine as "a violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant populations." Security force actions provide a level of internal security that permits and supports growth through balanced development. "[3] The word "Irregular," used in the title of the English translation of the book, seems to be a reference to non "regular armed forces" as per the Third Geneva Convention. Once a mission is defined by the SecDef, the joint task force (JTF) headquarters identifies its personnel requirements. Receiving realistic training, understanding the types of situations encountered in war, eating well, getting enough rest and having meaningful relationships and friendships are all helpful in building____to the challenges and strains of military service. The first-ever National Defense Strategy was initiated by SecDEF Rumsfeld in 2005, and then updated in 2008 SecDEF Gates. 4) The statutory members of the National Security Council are _____. The views expressed are those of the authors, and do not reflect the official position of the United States Military Academy, Department of the Army, or Department of Defense. [6][7] A key proponent of IW within US DoD is Michael G. Vickers, a former paramilitary officer in the CIA. planning. The logic at hand is that states, much like insurgents, are behaving illicitly, ambiguously, or asymmetrically, but on a global scale, in order to offset their conventional military weakness versus the United States. I propose: A coercive struggle that erodes or builds legitimacy to achieve political change by blending disparate lines of effort to create an integrated attack on societies and their political institutions. Probably the best DoD definition is Foreign Internal Defense. The supported CCDR builds and validates force and movement requirements, whereas the supporting CCDR reports force movement requirements data. Whatever the problems with the term, the effort to redefine it must therefore be taken on cautiously, lest its contribution is lost. Typical signs of_____include headaches, memory gaps, confusion, attention problems, irritability, ringing in the ears, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, slowed reaction time, sleep difficulty and performance difficulties. contribute to national security in the _____. It retains the lessons of two decades of involvement in irregular warfare yet allows for the internationalization of irregular struggles within a global competition for power. 9c-nRG59D`KlH)#J irregular warfare concepts using modeling and simulation.[30][31][32]. Santa Claus is a form of IW, exerting his will on children to be "Good" to get presents or if "Bad" then Santa won't be paying a visit. Exposure to stressful situations, trauma and combat will cause a response and resulting change. When it quietly and nonviolently mobilizes societal support, it is to assist the eventual seizure of power. Both are correct. The command authority established by a superior commander between subordinate commanders when one organization should aid, protect, complement or sustain another force is called______. Methods may vary over timethey may span the direct and the indirect, the kinetic and the nonviolentbut the totality of the project is irregular if it is grounded in a struggle for legitimacy. Third, there is an official feeling that the definition of irregular warfare is too closely tied to the question of violence, which may work within counterinsurgency contexts but fits badly to the subversive and illicit activities of states seeking to outdo rival governments. This article draws in part on the second edition of Crafting Strategy for Irregular Warfare: A Framework for Analysis and Action(Washington, DC: NDU Press, 2022), which was published earlier this month. The overriding context for such activity, however, is the competition for legitimacy in which these actors are embroiled, with foreign actors stoking the fire in their own ways. Which of the follwing describes Global Force Management? How can this term be helpful in unpacking what the United States is facing and in mounting a response? combating terrorism and irregular warfare at the strategic level. It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. The dichotomy of traditional warfare and irregular warfare helps focus the observer on their overarching differences. b. An overarching term encompassing various military missions, tasks, and activities conducted outside the United States in coordination with other instruments of national power to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment, provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief. In the wake of its perceived failure, some view a focus on legitimacy as unnecessarily idealistic and even as inappropriate within a context of hard-nosed power politics. There has to be something more specific and narrower to allow this concept to be meaningful. The statutory members of the National Security Council are_____. Which stage of the projection process assembles and organizes national resources to support national objectives in time of war or other emergencies? The President and SecDef are responsible for assigning forces to specified combatant commands. Even if violence is kept at bay, coercion can prove a formidable weapon. considering national security __________ matters. It describes a healthy body, mind and spirit which can be seen in a person's ability to deal with typical stressors. SEJPME II PRE TEST AND POST TEST Includes 50 Questions and Answers. The operational chain of command runs directly from the President to the Secretary of Defense and then to the______. Ironically, it is precisely through such conservativism that irregular warfare survives, because a concept that describes virtually everything is also good for virtually nothing. As the people you piss off both here at home and there abroad via the pursuit of this such political objective and specifically its "nature" THESE FOLKS will have a say about that.). During the enable civil authority phase of operations, the JFC may be required to transfer responsibility of operations to another authority as the termination criteria. Certainly, a country such as Taiwan is already keenly aware of this playbook. If anyone has failed to notice of late, the legitimacy of our political institutions is tottering. By acknowledging the "nature" of one's political objective, one can find great clarity in authorizing, resourcing, and mobilizing the instruments of statecraft necessary for its prosecution. Secretaries on the Military Departments and then to the Service Chiefs. They may be established on a geographic area basis such as Special Operations Command, Pacific. 2684 0 obj <>stream On this basis, a few principles emerge. To remain faithful to basic American and military standards of behavior and respect for the sanctity of life Which statement best describes the purpose of resilience-based training The Chairman also issues the Global Force Management Implementation Guidance with the approval of the: The term irregular warfare seems best to cap ture the wide variety of these flittle wars.f Such wars plague much of the non-Western world, and they When executing a joint logistics plan, which of the following requires maintaining visibility over the status and location of resources, the current and future requirements of the force and the joint and component processes that deliver support to the joint force? . On the line provided write DEC if the sentence is declarative, IMP if it is imperative, INT if it is interrogative, or EC if it is exclamatory. ____is the authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission. Which of the following are issues considered during redeployment planning? Irregular warfare has always been a contested term, but it has served a valuable purpose to a military institution too often seduced by its own raw strength. At present, there is no civilian operational systeminto which to emplace irregular warfare as defined: with exceedingly few exceptions, there is no civilian replica for the militarys doctrine, organization, institutionalized intellectual efforts, and operational templates to prosecute this mission. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); The articles and other content which appear on the Modern War Institute website are unofficial expressions of opinion. Activities and types of conflict included in IW are: According to the DoD, there are five core activities of IW: As a result of DoD Directive 3000.07,[19] United States armed forces are studying[when?] The____outranks all other officers of the Armed Forces, but may not exercise military command over any of the Armed Forces. Tracking Competition in Cyberspace: Announcing the Dyadic Cyber Incident Dataset Version 2.0, Homeland Defense in the Information Space: Learning from Russian Influence Campaigns in Eastern Europe. [9][10][11] For example, SAD paramilitary officers created and led successful irregular units from the Hmong tribe during the war in Laos in the 1960s[12] from the Northern Alliance against the Taliban during the war in Afghanistan in 2001[13] and from the Kurdish Peshmerga against Ansar al-Islam and the forces of Saddam Hussein during the war in Iraq in 2003. specific missions. The goal of IW isn't always so clear cut to the guns and bullets that form COIN and insurgencies. In these efforts, mobilization, legitimacy, and credibility produce societal power, allowing adversaries weaker at the offset to paralyze stronger foes and, at times, prevail against seemingly impossible odds. Before the value that irregular warfare provides is lost, an interrogation of its meaning is necessary. A state of well-being in which one is aware of personal abilities and limits, copes well with life stresses, works productively and effectively and contributes positively to his or her communities is known as_____. 2) What are the instruments of National Power which allow the US Government to. Which of the following are some of the key elements of the shape phase of joint operations? Normally, in the United States, covert operations fall outside the bailiwick of DoD thus opening the door to interagency collaboration. As such, states engaged in, or confronted with, irregular warfare must bring all elements of power to bear under their national political leadership.. Learn more about characters, symbols, and themes in all your favorite books with Course Hero's It weaponizes frames and narratives to affect credibility and resolve, and it exploits societal vulnerabilities to fuel political change. The operational environment is generally described by which of the following conditions? The course objective is to build upon the Enlisted Joint Professional Military. synergy) is known as______. If the underlined section needs no change, mark the choice "Correct as is. These urges are informing the effort to redefine irregular warfare, but their aggregate effect risks turning it into something very alien to its nature: a catchall for any state behavior that is subversive or manipulative but that does not amount to outright war. Staff Judge Advocates (SJAs) are responsible for______. Accordingly, one might suggest that the starting point for discussing such things as a irregular, regular, political warfare, etc., this must be by: a. This strategic document was written to indentify defense priorities on the face of budget cuts. That these states have adopted nonstate-like strategies should not surprise, in that their approaches are all rooted within each countrys foundation through successful insurgency. I) '5^J(+/9Z((R Which of the following joint reception, staging, onward movement and integration (JRSOI) elements are defined as "enabling"? (thirty thousand; $30,000), Choose the best way to write each underlined section and mark the letter of your answer. It describes the Armed Forces' plan to achieve military objectives in the near term and provides the vision for ensuring they remain decisive in the future. Which stage of the projectin process is identified by the movement of forces within the OA, the positioning of forces into a formation for battle or the relocation of forces and material to a diffent OA? B. organization of Service forces, control of resources and equipment. Group of answer choices It depends on the type of article Right Left Centered Flag question: Question 2, Using 7th edition of APA Question : Which of the following is correct? Santa does IW all the time all year long and that is a IW that kids usually grow out of, replacing Santa with real religion to save one's life or soul. As a result, the Pentagon has in recent reworkings of the term elided the mention of violence as a definitional marker, a seemingly minor change but one that significantly extends what irregular warfare may describe. Which stage of the projection process is characterized as the most vulnerable period because forces may not be fully capable of defending themselves? recognize the organization and functions of the primary elements of the national military command structure. The term is defined in contradistinction to traditional warfare, a flawed heuristic that betrays the ahistorical and narrow character of much official thinking within the military. 1) Irregular Warfare focuses on. (Select all that apply) USING APA 7th EDITION A. Indeed, there is also no culture,outside of the military, to do organized, troops-to-task thinking about security, however broadly defined. This preview shows page 2 - 3 out of 3 pages. Writing in Moscow in 1946, George Kennan famously cast the approach as political warfare, not a term he coined but which he rightly described as the logical application of Clausewitzs doctrine in time of peace. The issue, however, is that while states can certainly be as conniving, as deceptive, and as subversive as insurgents, the overlap with irregular warfare as we knew it is too thin to warrant its wholesale importation into this new world. Intelligence dissimenation requirements and procedures must be coordinated through the______. Going further, others take issue with the language of warfare and have mooted irregular competition as a way to prevent the militarization of threats that are not uniformly violent in nature. 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