Free blacks, on the other hand, lived lives similar to those of poor white colonists, and they often chose the Patriot side for similar reasons. Understand what each side represented and what ultimately happened to the Loyalists after the American Revolution. Slaves also contributed to the Loyalist cause, swayed by the promise of freedom following the war. Patriotism in the American Revolution | What is a Patriot? When they withdrew their forces from Savannah and Charleston, the British also evacuated 10,000 slaves, now freedmen. The first American Indian community to sign a treaty with the new United States government was the Lenape. Learn about the American Revolution, specifically the Loyalists and Patriots. In the port city of Boston, Patriots were motivated by political ideology, but also by economic concerns. 271 0 obj <> endobj Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It was known as the Tory capital of America. There was not unanimous support among members of the 13 colonies for the Patriot Siege of Boston (April 19, 1775March 17, 1776). Loyalists During the American Revolution Americans today think of the War for Independence as a revolution, but in important respects it was also a civil war. Loyalists remained loyal to England and its leadership. The British army evacuated thousands of freed slaves after their surrender, relocating them to Canada and England and even Africa. Colonist F has secretly grown concerned over the recent talk of independence from Britain. Corrections? African Americans also served extensively on British vessels and were considered more willing and able than their British counterparts on the deck. Many loyalists at first urged moderation in the struggle for colonial rights and were only driven into active loyalism by radical fellow colonists who denounced as Tories all who would not join them. The Patriots rebelled against the British control, while the Loyalists, also known as "Tories" to the Patriots, remained loyal to the British crown. What should he have done? Loyalists tended to be upper middle class, educated elites; their social identity was woven to that of the crown. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Farmers in the backcountry South who had tried to stay out of politics found one side or the other plundering their food and horsesand promptly chose the other side. She has a Master of Arts in Teaching degree, with specialization in Secondary Social Studies Education, as well as a Bachelor's in Psychology. Ideology. HTMo0Wh,[l'EQI:`CoA^Hv],Q$gArUty\{_/%q}y2whf:,. Many were persuaded more by their own personal concerns about their farm goods or the need to feed their families than they were by political ideas. This video serves as a video introduction to our lesson plan for the Loyalist v. Patriot activity. George Washington's Leadership at Trenton, Saratoga & Valley Forge, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Loyalists and Patriots During the American Revolution. (b) InThe Alternative of Williams-Burg, a merchant has to sign a nonimportation agreement or risk being covered with the tar and feathers suspended behind him. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness, https://books.google.com/books/about/Peter_Oliver_s_Origin_Progress_of_the_Am.html?id=08IL5DO_q94C, Explain how British colonial policies regarding North America led to the Revolutionary War, Explain how various factors contributed to the American victory in the Revolution. Thousands left the country after the war, including Native Americans and freed slaves. The British were also unused to the American land, knowing this, the Patriots used it to their advantage. Myles Cooper, "The Patriots of North America," 1775, selections.If you were a Loyalist in America in the 1770s, you tried to explain to yourself and others why your Patriot neighbors were turning the paradise of America into "an endless Hell" by objecting to what was, in your view, the benign, enlightened, and gentle rule of Great Britain. The same delusions will still prevail, till France and Spain, if not other powers, long jealous of Britains force and fame, will fall upon her, embarrassed with an exhausting civil war, and crush, or at least depress her, then turn their arms on these provinces, which must submit to wear their chains or wade through seas of blood to a dear bought and at best a frequently convulsed and precarious independence., Letter from John Dickinson to Arthur Lee in response to Lexington and Concord, April 29, 1775, Where the money is to come from which will defray this enormous annual expense ofthree millionssterling, and all those other debts, I know not; unless the author ofCommon Sense, or some other ingenious projector, can discover thePhilosophers Stone, by which iron and other base metals may be transmuted into gold. Certain I am that our commerce and agriculture, the two principal sources of our wealth, will not support such an expense. Sometimes, a combination of Loyalists and Patriots could be found within the same family. Which of the following places the sentiments in the excerpt in proper historical context? These individuals were called loyalists. When every article of commerce, every necessary of life, together with our lands, must be heavily taxed, to defray that expense!, Charles Inglis, Anglican Church Minister in New York City,The Costs of Revolution, 1776. Those men who chose to continue supporting the king, like William Franklin, were called Loyalists, or Tories. If they could afford it, many Loyalists relocated to Canada or England in the early days of the war. Most Loyalists identified as pacifists and were morally unable to choose a side, owing to their religious beliefs. The Church of England was associated with Loyalists, so Patriots distrusted it to such an extent that the reputation of Anglicans was marred after the conclusion of the war. Religious converts of the Great Awakening made strong connections between their faith and a developing sense of nationalism. He also reproduces some of their blind spots. Delusional. Women began creating clothes at home to boycott the British influx of goods. Brown, Wallace. Also, from 1779 to 1782, a Loyalist civilian government was re established in coastal Georgia. Although some Canadians took up arms in support of the Patriots, the majority remained loyal to the King. The Progressive Movement everything about the progressive historians, DBQ on Industrial Leaders: "Robber barons" vs. "Industrial Statesmen". The Patriots were mainly fighting in the Revolution for political independence, cultural integrity, and for the protection of their land and property. - Lesson for Kids, First Continental Congress Lesson for Kids: Summary & Results, Massachusetts Bay Colony: Lesson for Kids, Creating State Constitutions After the American Revolution, American Revolution Battles: Lesson for Kids, People of the American Revolution: Lesson for Kids. Which of the following generalizations is true about Loyalists, Patriots, and neutrals? 4. He fears an independent America could not protect his ships at sea; The main difference between a patriot and a loyalist is that patriots strongly supported and fought to gain independence from the British rule during the American war of Independence whereas loyalists supported the British rule and wanted to remain under British control during the American war of Independence. But his was a tough job in the days just before the revolution. Essay by Loyalists, Fence-sitters, and Patriots. Brewminate: A Bold Blend of News and Ideas, Curated/Reviewed by Matthew A. McIntoshPublic HistorianBrewminate. Widespread corruption among local authorities, many who later became Revolutionary leaders, alienated colonists from the Patriot cause. April 17, 2023 9:55 am ET. The choice was complex. The American Revolution (1765-1791 time period, with official war dates between 1775 and 1783) made colonists choose sides between groups called Loyalists or Patriots. Quakers formed the largest group of neutrals during the American Revolution due to their belief in pacifism, or non-violence. 18 Apr. In the first act, a foppish clergyman enters . Most Patriots had religious commitments that prevented them from joining a side, even though it made them unpopular. What would you have done? But then, as now, there were demographic trends. Explain how religious beliefs and social standing influenced some colonists decisions to choose a side in the American Revolution. Get the answers you need, now! Log in here. A historian might use the sentiments from the excerpt provided to support the. Loyalists included British soldiers, citizens, and leaders. Public sentiment in the United States against the loyalists died down significantly after government began under the new U.S. Constitution in 1789. While every loyalist had his or her reasons, let's look at some of the more common motivations. Patriots, as they came to be known, were members of the 13 British colonies who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution, supporting instead the U.S. Continental Congress. _JPQzd9,3F]#,8f^QuMC&JXhn8>9[x->,,rK 2xTf~.haoGj,JbwrJWMj_YWYenu*}|}T-yx,cj%3o@AR+k:}5\-^!V6ey"/_h:)BH? Historians have not found any connection between educational level, occupation, position in society, or economic status and the choice to be a Patriot or a Loyalist. Alexandra has taught students at every age level from pre-school through adult. During the war, British strategy relied heavily upon the misguided belief that the Loyalist community could be mobilized into Loyalist regiments. Military expeditions on each side destroyed villages and food supplies to reduce the ability of people to fight, as in the frequent raids by both sides in the Mohawk Valley and western New York. Discuss the decision people made to be a Loyalist or a Patriot using social, political, and economic reasons. They were not confined to any particular group or class, but their numbers were strongest among the following groups: officeholders and others who served the British crown and had a vested interest in upholding its authority; Anglican clergymen and their parishioners in the North, who had likewise taken vows of allegiance and obedience to the king; Quakers, members of German religious sects, and other conscientious pacifists; and large landholders, especially in the North, and wealthy merchant groups in the cities whose businesses and property were affected by the war. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. z_J am1=?1 Advantages of being a loyalist during the war. Support for the war increased over time, and by the end of the conflict, every colonist identified as a Patriot. There were definitely reasons to be a Loyalist during this time. John Adams, his work and politcal career, precedency and his life. After all, at that time America was a very loose collection of independent political units. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 George Washington detested them, saying as early as 1776 that they were even higher and more insulting in their opposition than the regulars.. Yes, there were problems; but surely, they could be ironed out through negotiations and some kind of amicable settlement. The British actually hesitated to support Dunmores Proclamation because they were aware it alienated planters who might otherwise support the kings cause. They also believed that they were better taken care of under British rule. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. For example, during early 1775 in the South Carolina backcountry, Loyalist recruitment outpaced that of the Patriots. 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